An Overview of Direct Marketing

by Brian Gilbert

The Hacker Group

bgilbert@hackergroup.com

Outline:

Direct Marketing

Email and Internet Direct Marketing

Fundraising Basics

Resources

A Primer on Direct Marketing

What is it?

Marketing approach to individuals (consumer / donor ) that strives to make an impact through a direct medium, typically personalized

Mail (promotional, letter, postcards)

Telemarketing

Email marketing / Web marketing

Strives to get someone to take an action - buy something, make a donation, learn more

Usually involves testing, segmentation, and offers

What impacts Success?

50% list

30% offer or call to action

20% messaging and creative

Start with the Goals

Is it to beat last year’s campaign?

Is it to increase the size of your prospect and donor database?

Is it to increase the average contribution?

Is it to lower your cost per new donor acquisition? Is it to figure out your CPA?

Crafting a Communication Plan

Review previous efforts & learnings

Establish a communication calendar - don’t talk over other efforts

Make a plan for the year (at least 6 months)

Think through the entire communication stream for each campaign

Outbound

Thank you / Welcome

Telemarketing support

Fulfillment kits

Understanding Your Audience

What makes them tick?

What makes them respond?

What messages resound with them?

Think about a customer feedback survey or a mini-focus group of previous responders and non-responders

Creating a Testing Strategy

Always test - how else will you learn anything or improve your efforts

Testing options:

Package or platform formats

Sequence (letter vs. letter & telemarketing)

Email Subject lines

Copy treatments (appeal for help vs. success)

Call to actions - mail back vs. donate online

Offers (respond by X date, act now)

Who is your Audience?

House file (Previous donors, top 20% of donors, event attendees, etc.)

Mailing list who hasn’t heard from you in a year

Rental list of people who don’t know you

Segmentation Strategies

Don’t treat all your audiences / donors the same

Tailor the messaging to maximize response

For example, you could segment by:

donor vs. prospect

active contributor vs. lapsed contributor

donor amount

source - how they found you

Overall Metrics

Spend the time to do the analysis

Use unique codes, pre-print donor sheets, or use color coded envelopes, etc.

Capture response information for people who phone in response or go online

Store all response information in a central worksheet or database

Number of Donations

Average contribution per donor

Cost per donation = costs/# donations

(all printing, mailing, creative, production costs)

Response Rate

# of phone calls generated, # of website visits, # of donor forms returned

Cost per new donor

Internet Direct Marketing

Use the Right Medium for the Task

New Donor Acquisition Campaign

Don’t think that email is cheaper or better

Direct mail is better at getting a response and gaining mindshare - break through the clutter

Existing Donor Retention Campaigns

Direct mail to make an impression and to be persistent, longer shelf life than email

Email is cost effective to communicate with people you have an existing relationship with

Email Metrics

Bounces (hard & soft) (1-3% is standard)

Unsubscribe rate (typically <1%)

Open Rate (typically 30-40% is an average)

approximate metric only

HTML emails, preview pane, offline

Click Through Rate (5% is an average)

Unique vs. cumulative

Click to Open (CTO) Rate

Conversion Rate

Email Best Practices

Tell them how you got their email address - remind them they gave it to you

ALWAYS include an unsubscribe option (typically in the footer)

Create multi-part versions

HTML, AOL, Text for best results

Test different subject lines whenever possible

Include a signature from someone, don’t make it impersonal

If you can personalize the message with their name, DO IT!

Launch it on Tues, Weds, or Thurs

Proof read thoroughly and test all links

TEST TEST TEST

under IE, AOL, & Netscape

PC and Mac

Fundraising Basics

Donor Acquisition Figures

Why do I need to find new donors?

10-15% of Donors churn every year, you need to replace them with new donors

When should I focus my efforts?

40% of charitable giving occurs in November and December

How often should you be mailing your donors?

You should be mailing them at least once a month, many leading non-profits mail 15-20/year.

People set aside charitable requests every month like bills, and then choose which to contribute to, mostly based upon emotion. Do you have an emotional element in your copy?

Keeping them active is key!

If they haven’t contributed in 7 months, they are at risk

If they haven’t contributed in 13 months, they are as good as gone… put together a program to win them back

Have an ask in EVERY touch! If you are sending a thank you note, a receipt, a newsletter, include another envelope and donation slip.

Donor Acquisition

How much should I budget for acquisition?

It requires an investment approach, not immediate breakeven

Calculate the Life-Time value of a donor to understand how to fund the program

(Average annual contribution)*(average lifespan)= LTV

($300)*(4.5 years)=$1,350 LTV of a Donor

Most marketers spend 10% to 40% of LTV on acquisition programs

That means $150 to $500 on the above example

Donor Acquisition Strategies

Monthly commitments are a turn-off to new donors

start with a one-time gift for new donors

give the option of monthly, but lead with one-time

Package the value / benefit / impact they can make for a specific dollar contribution

$22 buys meals for a homeless person for a week

$48 buys a day for a child at a summer camp

you get the idea...

Remember...

You’ve got 21 days left to make an impact

Focus on your top 20%

Get your leadership involved in reaching your top donors

Test to see what works best for your audience

Never stop testing...

Resources for You

Things to look for in a Direct Mail Vendor

Fixed bid pricing

Experience with non-profits - references

Full service vs. lettershop

List help, copy

What to look for in a Email Vendor

Multi-part messaging

Get sample reporting

Self-service or outsourced?

Costs

set-up fees per campaign, HTML programming

testing management

$55 CPM (cost per thousand) delivery + setup

Other Resources

Hacker Group Resource Library - articles and case studies

ClickZ, Marketing Sherpa, newsletters

Direct Marketing Association

Permission Marketing by Seth Godin

Direct, DM News, Target Marketing Magazines

bgilbert@hackergroup.com